Morning Prayer
Feria (Green)
Psalms: Psalm 73
King James Version
1 Truly God is good to Israel, even to such as are of a clean heart. 2 But as for me, my feet were almost gone; my steps had well nigh slipped. 3 For I was envious at the foolish, when I saw the prosperity of the wicked. 4 For there are no bands in their death: but their strength is firm. 5 They are not in trouble as other men; neither are they plagued like other men. 6 Therefore pride compasseth them about as a chain; violence covereth them as a garment. 7 Their eyes stand out with fatness: they have more than heart could wish. 8 They are corrupt, and speak wickedly concerning oppression: they speak loftily. 9 They set their mouth against the heavens, and their tongue walketh through the earth. 10 Therefore his people return hither: and waters of a full cup are wrung out to them. 11 And they say, How doth God know? and is there knowledge in the most High? 12 Behold, these are the ungodly, who prosper in the world; they increase in riches. 13 Verily I have cleansed my heart in vain, and washed my hands in innocency. 14 For all the day long have I been plagued, and chastened every morning. 15 If I say, I will speak thus; behold, I should offend against the generation of thy children. 16 When I thought to know this, it was too painful for me; 17 Until I went into the sanctuary of God; then understood I their end. 18 Surely thou didst set them in slippery places: thou castedst them down into destruction. 19 How are they brought into desolation, as in a moment! they are utterly consumed with terrors. 20 As a dream when one awaketh; so, O Lord, when thou awakest, thou shalt despise their image. 21 Thus my heart was grieved, and I was pricked in my reins. 22 So foolish was I, and ignorant: I was as a beast before thee. 23 Nevertheless I am continually with thee: thou hast holden me by my right hand. 24 Thou shalt guide me with thy counsel, and afterward receive me to glory. 25 Whom have I in heaven but thee? and there is none upon earth that I desire beside thee. 26 My flesh and my heart faileth: but God is the strength of my heart, and my portion for ever. 27 For, lo, they that are far from thee shall perish: thou hast destroyed all them that go a whoring from thee. 28 But it is good for me to draw near to God: I have put my trust in the Lord GOD, that I may declare all thy works.
First Lesson: Zechariah 8
King James Version
1 Again the word of the LORD of hosts came to me, saying, 2 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; I was jealous for Zion with great jealousy, and I was jealous for her with great fury. 3 Thus saith the LORD; I am returned unto Zion, and will dwell in the midst of Jerusalem: and Jerusalem shall be called a city of truth; and the mountain of the LORD of hosts the holy mountain. 4 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; There shall yet old men and old women dwell in the streets of Jerusalem, and every man with his staff in his hand for very age. 5 And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls playing in the streets thereof. 6 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; If it be marvellous in the eyes of the remnant of this people in these days, should it also be marvellous in mine eyes? saith the LORD of hosts. 7 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; Behold, I will save my people from the east country, and from the west country; 8 And I will bring them, and they shall dwell in the midst of Jerusalem: and they shall be my people, and I will be their God, in truth and in righteousness. 9 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; Let your hands be strong, ye that hear in these days these words by the mouth of the prophets, which were in the day that the foundation of the house of the LORD of hosts was laid, that the temple might be built. 10 For before these days there was no hire for man, nor any hire for beast; neither was there any peace to him that went out or came in because of the affliction: for I set all men every one against his neighbour. 11 But now I will not be unto the residue of this people as in the former days, saith the LORD of hosts. 12 For the seed shall be prosperous; the vine shall give her fruit, and the ground shall give her increase, and the heavens shall give their dew; and I will cause the remnant of this people to possess all these things. 13 And it shall come to pass, that as ye were a curse among the heathen, O house of Judah, and house of Israel; so will I save you, and ye shall be a blessing: fear not, but let your hands be strong. 14 For thus saith the LORD of hosts; As I thought to punish you, when your fathers provoked me to wrath, saith the LORD of hosts, and I repented not: 15 So again have I thought in these days to do well unto Jerusalem and to the house of Judah: fear ye not. 16 These are the things that ye shall do; Speak ye every man the truth to his neighbour; execute the judgment of truth and peace in your gates: 17 And let none of you imagine evil in your hearts against his neighbour; and love no false oath: for all these are things that I hate, saith the LORD. 18 And the word of the LORD of hosts came unto me, saying, 19 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; The fast of the fourth month, and the fast of the fifth, and the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the tenth, shall be to the house of Judah joy and gladness, and cheerful feasts; therefore love the truth and peace. 20 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; It shall yet come to pass, that there shall come people, and the inhabitants of many cities: 21 And the inhabitants of one city shall go to another, saying, Let us go speedily to pray before the LORD, and to seek the LORD of hosts: I will go also. 22 Yea, many people and strong nations shall come to seek the LORD of hosts in Jerusalem, and to pray before the LORD. 23 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; In those days it shall come to pass, that ten men shall take hold out of all languages of the nations, even shall take hold of the skirt of him that is a Jew, saying, We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you.
Second Lesson: 1 Timothy 3
King James Version
1 This is a true saying, If a man desire the office of a bishop, he desireth a good work. 2 A bishop then must be blameless, the husband of one wife, vigilant, sober, of good behaviour, given to hospitality, apt to teach; 3 Not given to wine, no striker, not greedy of filthy lucre; but patient, not a brawler, not covetous; 4 One that ruleth well his own house, having his children in subjection with all gravity; 5 (For if a man know not how to rule his own house, how shall he take care of the church of God?) 6 Not a novice, lest being lifted up with pride he fall into the condemnation of the devil. 7 Moreover he must have a good report of them which are without; lest he fall into reproach and the snare of the devil. 8 Likewise must the deacons be grave, not doubletongued, not given to much wine, not greedy of filthy lucre; 9 Holding the mystery of the faith in a pure conscience. 10 And let these also first be proved; then let them use the office of a deacon, being found blameless. 11 Even so must their wives be grave, not slanderers, sober, faithful in all things. 12 Let the deacons be the husbands of one wife, ruling their children and their own houses well. 13 For they that have used the office of a deacon well purchase to themselves a good degree, and great boldness in the faith which is in Christ Jesus. 14 These things write I unto thee, hoping to come unto thee shortly: 15 But if I tarry long, that thou mayest know how thou oughtest to behave thyself in the house of God, which is the church of the living God, the pillar and ground of the truth. 16 And without controversy great is the mystery of godliness: God was manifest in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, seen of angels, preached unto the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up into glory.
Reflection
“It is good for me to draw near to God.” That is the conclusion of the Psalmist, but it is not where he begins. He begins with confusion. He sees the prosperity of the wicked, their apparent ease, their pride and violence, and he finds his own faith shaken. “Verily I have cleansed my heart in vain.” The world seems to reward the wrong people, while the faithful are chastened every morning.
That is an honest prayer, and therefore a useful one. Scripture does not require us to pretend that everything is simple. The Psalmist brings his perplexity into the presence of God. He does not settle the matter by staring longer at the wicked, nor by trusting his own first impressions. “Until I went into the sanctuary of God; then understood I their end.” In the sanctuary, his vision is restored. He remembers that present appearances are not the whole truth, and that God’s judgement is not absent merely because it is not yet complete.
The sanctuary does not merely give him information; it gives him God. “Nevertheless I am continually with thee: thou hast holden me by my right hand.” The answer to his troubled heart is not chiefly an explanation of every injustice, but the assurance of divine companionship and guidance: “Thou shalt guide me with thy counsel, and afterward receive me to glory.” At last he can say, “Whom have I in heaven but thee?”
That same confidence stands behind the promise given through Zechariah. Jerusalem has known ruin, division, and disgrace; but the Lord declares, “I am returned unto Zion, and will dwell in the midst of Jerusalem.” His purpose is not merely to repair buildings, but to make a people: a people who shall be his, and he shall be their God, “in truth and in righteousness.” The old shall sit safely in the streets, children shall play, the land shall flourish, and those who were once a curse shall become a blessing.
Yet notice that the promise of restoration is joined to a command. “Let your hands be strong.” And then: “Speak ye every man the truth to his neighbour; execute the judgment of truth and peace… let none of you imagine evil in your hearts against his neighbour.” God’s gracious future is not an excuse for moral carelessness in the present. Those who belong to the restored city must begin to live according to its character. Truth, peace, faithful speech, and clean hearts are the marks of those among whom God dwells.
This is why St Paul speaks so carefully about the house of God, “which is the church of the living God, the pillar and ground of the truth.” The Church is not a club gathered around private preferences. She is the household in which the living God makes his truth known. Therefore those entrusted with oversight and service must be tested by their life, not merely admired for their gifts. The bishop must be sober, patient, hospitable, able to teach, and of good report. The deacon must be grave, truthful, and faithful. The servants of the Church must not be ruled by pride, money, temper, or double speech.
These qualifications are not a demand for sinless men; they are a summons to credible holiness. The Church’s ministry must adorn the doctrine it proclaims. And the same principle reaches beyond those ordained to office. Every Christian is called to speak truth, to seek peace, to resist evil imaginings, to practise hospitality, and to live in such a way that outsiders may see that God is indeed among us.
But the final word is not about our performance. It is “the mystery of godliness”: “God was manifest in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, seen of angels, preached unto the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up into glory.” The Church is held together by no human excellence, but by Jesus Christ, God manifest in the flesh. He is the truth of which the Church is the pillar; he is the Lord who holds his people by the right hand.
So when the world appears unjust, draw near to God rather than surrendering to envy or despair. Come into the sanctuary, hear the promises, receive the counsel of God, and remember whom you have in heaven. The Lord is in the midst of his people. Therefore let our hands be strong, our speech truthful, our service faithful, and our confidence fixed upon Christ, who will guide us now and receive us at last to glory.
Evening Prayer
Feria (Green)
Psalms: Psalm 74
King James Version
1 O God, why hast thou cast us off for ever? why doth thine anger smoke against the sheep of thy pasture? 2 Remember thy congregation, which thou hast purchased of old; the rod of thine inheritance, which thou hast redeemed; this mount Zion, wherein thou hast dwelt. 3 Lift up thy feet unto the perpetual desolations; even all that the enemy hath done wickedly in the sanctuary. 4 Thine enemies roar in the midst of thy congregations; they set up their ensigns for signs. 5 A man was famous according as he had lifted up axes upon the thick trees. 6 But now they break down the carved work thereof at once with axes and hammers. 7 They have cast fire into thy sanctuary, they have defiled by casting down the dwelling place of thy name to the ground. 8 They said in their hearts, Let us destroy them together: they have burned up all the synagogues of God in the land. 9 We see not our signs: there is no more any prophet: neither is there among us any that knoweth how long. 10 O God, how long shall the adversary reproach? shall the enemy blaspheme thy name for ever? 11 Why withdrawest thou thy hand, even thy right hand? pluck it out of thy bosom. 12 For God is my King of old, working salvation in the midst of the earth. 13 Thou didst divide the sea by thy strength: thou brakest the heads of the dragons in the waters. 14 Thou brakest the heads of leviathan in pieces, and gavest him to be meat to the people inhabiting the wilderness. 15 Thou didst cleave the fountain and the flood: thou driedst up mighty rivers. 16 The day is thine, the night also is thine: thou hast prepared the light and the sun. 17 Thou hast set all the borders of the earth: thou hast made summer and winter. 18 Remember this, that the enemy hath reproached, O LORD, and that the foolish people have blasphemed thy name. 19 O deliver not the soul of thy turtledove unto the multitude of the wicked: forget not the congregation of thy poor for ever. 20 Have respect unto the covenant: for the dark places of the earth are full of the habitations of cruelty. 21 O let not the oppressed return ashamed: let the poor and needy praise thy name. 22 Arise, O God, plead thine own cause: remember how the foolish man reproacheth thee daily. 23 Forget not the voice of thine enemies: the tumult of those that rise up against thee increaseth continually.
First Lesson: Zechariah 11
King James Version
1 Open thy doors, O Lebanon, that the fire may devour thy cedars. 2 Howl, fir tree; for the cedar is fallen; because the mighty are spoiled: howl, O ye oaks of Bashan; for the forest of the vintage is come down. 3 There is a voice of the howling of the shepherds; for their glory is spoiled: a voice of the roaring of young lions; for the pride of Jordan is spoiled. 4 Thus saith the LORD my God; Feed the flock of the slaughter; 5 Whose possessors slay them, and hold themselves not guilty: and they that sell them say, Blessed be the LORD; for I am rich: and their own shepherds pity them not. 6 For I will no more pity the inhabitants of the land, saith the LORD: but, lo, I will deliver the men every one into his neighbour’s hand, and into the hand of his king: and they shall smite the land, and out of their hand I will not deliver them. 7 And I will feed the flock of slaughter, even you, O poor of the flock. And I took unto me two staves; the one I called Beauty, and the other I called Bands; and I fed the flock. 8 Three shepherds also I cut off in one month; and my soul lothed them, and their soul also abhorred me. 9 Then said I, I will not feed you: that that dieth, let it die; and that that is to be cut off, let it be cut off; and let the rest eat every one the flesh of another. 10 And I took my staff, even Beauty, and cut it asunder, that I might break my covenant which I had made with all the people. 11 And it was broken in that day: and so the poor of the flock that waited upon me knew that it was the word of the LORD. 12 And I said unto them, If ye think good, give me my price; and if not, forbear. So they weighed for my price thirty pieces of silver. 13 And the LORD said unto me, Cast it unto the potter: a goodly price that I was prised at of them. And I took the thirty pieces of silver, and cast them to the potter in the house of the LORD. 14 Then I cut asunder mine other staff, even Bands, that I might break the brotherhood between Judah and Israel. 15 And the LORD said unto me, Take unto thee yet the instruments of a foolish shepherd. 16 For, lo, I will raise up a shepherd in the land, which shall not visit those that be cut off, neither shall seek the young one, nor heal that that is broken, nor feed that that standeth still: but he shall eat the flesh of the fat, and tear their claws in pieces. 17 Woe to the idol shepherd that leaveth the flock! the sword shall be upon his arm, and upon his right eye: his arm shall be clean dried up, and his right eye shall be utterly darkened.
Second Lesson: Hebrews 8
King James Version
1 Now of the things which we have spoken this is the sum: We have such an high priest, who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens; 2 A minister of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, and not man. 3 For every high priest is ordained to offer gifts and sacrifices: wherefore it is of necessity that this man have somewhat also to offer. 4 For if he were on earth, he should not be a priest, seeing that there are priests that offer gifts according to the law: 5 Who serve unto the example and shadow of heavenly things, as Moses was admonished of God when he was about to make the tabernacle: for, See, saith he, that thou make all things according to the pattern shewed to thee in the mount. 6 But now hath he obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon better promises. 7 For if that first covenant had been faultless, then should no place have been sought for the second. 8 For finding fault with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah: 9 Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they continued not in my covenant, and I regarded them not, saith the Lord. 10 For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people: 11 And they shall not teach every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for all shall know me, from the least to the greatest. 12 For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins and their iniquities will I remember no more. 13 In that he saith, A new covenant, he hath made the first old. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is ready to vanish away.
Reflection
The readings today give us a stark picture of what happens when shepherds cease to be shepherds. Zechariah speaks of a flock marked out for slaughter: its possessors kill it and feel no guilt; those who sell it say, “Blessed be the LORD; for I am rich”; and the shepherds have no pity. The Psalm gives us the same devastation from the flock’s side: the sanctuary has been defiled, the holy places broken down, and the people cry, “How long?”
These are not merely ancient descriptions of political or religious failure. They are a warning to all who are entrusted with authority. A shepherd is not given a flock in order to feed upon it. He is given a flock in order to feed it. He is not there to enrich himself, to seek honour, or to protect his own position. He is there to visit the lost, seek the young, heal the broken, and strengthen the weak. Zechariah’s “foolish shepherd” is condemned precisely because he does none of these things.
That warning applies to ministers, certainly, but not only to ministers. Parents, teachers, employers, magistrates, and all who have responsibility for others must ask what kind of shepherding they practise. Authority becomes wicked when it treats people as possessions. It becomes holy when it is exercised for another’s good. The Church herself must never forget that she belongs to Christ, and that her ministers are servants beneath the authority of the one true Shepherd.
Yet the readings do not leave us merely lamenting failed shepherds. Hebrews directs our eyes to the great High Priest: “We have such an high priest, who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens.” Earthly priests served in a sanctuary made by human hands, according to a pattern. Christ ministers in “the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, and not man.” Every earthly ministry is provisional; his is perfect and everlasting.
This is why the Church can endure even when human shepherds disappoint her. Her life does not finally depend upon the wisdom, courage, or goodness of any earthly office-holder. It depends upon Christ, who has entered the heavenly sanctuary and mediates the better covenant. The Church of England, like every visible church, must repent wherever her shepherding becomes careless or self-serving. But the Church does not belong to its officers, its buildings, or its customs. She belongs to the crucified and risen Lord, who stands before the Father for his people.
The better covenant promised through Jeremiah is not simply a revised set of external arrangements. God says, “I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts.” He does not merely command from without; he renews from within. He does not merely expose our failure; he promises mercy: “I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins and their iniquities will I remember no more.”
That promise is the comfort at the heart of these severe readings. We are not saved because every shepherd is faithful, nor because the Church has never been wounded by folly. We are saved because Christ is faithful. His covenant rests upon better promises, and its foundation is his own priestly offering. Our sins are not excused, but they may be forgiven; our failures are not denied, but they may be healed; our hard hearts are not beyond the reach of God, for he can write his law upon them.
So when the sanctuary appears desolate, and when the voice of the prophet seems absent, we should pray with the Psalmist, “Have respect unto the covenant.” Remember what God has promised. Remember that Christ reigns. And then, in the place where God has set us, let us practise a more faithful shepherding: not using others, but serving them; not seeking our own advantage, but guarding their souls; not relying upon our strength, but upon the mercy of the High Priest who never abandons his flock.
The foolish shepherds may fail, but Christ does not. His covenant stands, his mercy endures, and all who trust in him are gathered into the people whom he will never cast away.